Periodontal procedures are essential for maintaining gum health and preventing tooth loss. Understanding these common treatments can help individuals make informed decisions about their oral care. Below, we outline several common periodontal procedures and their significance in dental health.

1. Scaling and Root Planing

Scaling and root planing is a deep cleaning procedure designed to treat gum disease. During this process, a dentist or hygienist removes plaque and tartar buildup from the surfaces of teeth and roots below the gum line. This treatment helps to eliminate bacteria and encourages the reattachment of gums to the teeth, leading to healthier gums.

2. Pocket Reduction Surgery

Pocket reduction surgery is performed when scaling and root planing do not sufficiently reduce periodontal pockets—these are spaces between the teeth and gums that can harbor bacteria. In this procedure, the gums are lifted away from the teeth, allowing for thorough cleaning and reshaping of the bone and gums to reduce pocket depth. This minimizes the risk of further gum disease.

3. Bone Grafting

Bone grafting is often necessary when the bone supporting the teeth has been lost due to advanced periodontitis. This procedure involves transplanting bone tissue to restore the lost bone, providing a healthier environment for the teeth. Bone grafts can be made from the patient’s own bone, cadaver bone, or synthetic materials.

4. Gum Grafting

Gum grafting is performed to cover exposed tooth roots or to rebuild receded gums. In this procedure, tissue is taken from another area of the mouth or a donor source and is then attached to the affected gum area. This helps to protect the roots, improve aesthetics, and reduce sensitivity, while also preventing further gum recession.

5. Laser Therapy

Laser therapy is an advanced approach to treating gum disease. Using precision lasers, dentists can target infected gum tissue without damaging surrounding healthy areas. This minimally invasive technique reduces discomfort, promotes faster healing, and can be an effective alternative to traditional surgical methods.

6. Dental Implants

For those who have lost teeth due to periodontal disease, dental implants offer a permanent solution. Implants involve placing a titanium post into the jawbone, which serves as an artificial root, and is then topped with a crown. This procedure not only restores function but also helps maintain jawbone integrity.

7. Periodontal Maintenance

After undergoing periodontal procedures, regular periodontal maintenance cleanings are crucial. These appointments typically occur every three to four months and involve thorough cleaning to prevent the recurrence of gum disease. Consistent care is essential for maintaining periodontal health and preventing further complications.

Understanding these common periodontal procedures is vital for maintaining optimal gum health. Regular dental check-ups and timely treatment can significantly lower the risk of severe periodontal disease and enhance overall oral hygiene.